THE ENGINE: THE HEART OF A CAR

In everyday life we ​​are used to seeing cars, buses and other means of transport. Do you know how they manage to work? How can take us everywhere wherever we go? Through a fundamental part of their structure: the engine.

 Combustion engines

 According to the preparation of the mixture and the type of ignition we have:

 - Otto cycle engines

 

 

 Preferably run on petrol and with external, but also internal preparation of the mixture. Combustion is controlled by external ignition (spark plug);

 

- Diesel engines

 

They have an internal preparation of the mixture and run on diesel. Combustion in the cylinder is produced by self-ignition.

 

Classification according to operation

- 4-stroke engines

 

 

They require 4 piston strokes, i.e. 2 revolutions of the crankshaft, for a work cycle. The introduction of fresh gases and the evacuation of the burnt ones (gas exchange) take place automatically thanks to the work of the piston (closed system).

 

- 2-stroke engines

 

They require two piston lanes for one work cycle, i.e. one revolution of the crankshaft. They also need additional pressure to allow gas exchange (open system).

 

Classification according to the arrangement of the cylinders

 

-engines in line

- V-motors

- boxer engines

 

According to the type of piston

 

 

- piston engines

-Rotating piston motors

 

According to the type of cooling

 - liquid cooled motors  

-air cooled engines  

 

Structure

 

the motor essentially consists of 4 groups and some auxiliary devices:

 -engine frame

-handling

 -checking the engine

 - mixture preparation plant

- auxiliary devices are • ignition system • engine lubrication • engine cooling •exhaust system.

 

Operation

 

 

There are four stages of the work cycle: intake, compression, expansion and exhaust. One work cycle occurs in 2 revolutions of the crankshaft.

 Marika, 5sc